对近200万名参与者的数据进行分析后发现，食用肉类，尤其是加工肉类和未加工的红肉，会增加患2型糖尿病的风险。

Meat consumption, particularly consumption of processed meat and unprocessed red meat, is associated with a higher type 2 diabetes risk, an analysis of data from almost two million participants has found.

这项研究成果发表在《柳叶刀-糖尿病与内分泌学》期刊上。

The findings are published in The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology.

近几十年来，全球肉类产量迅速增长，许多国家的肉类消费量超过了膳食指南的建议。早期的研究表明，加工肉类和未加工红肉的摄入量越高，患2型糖尿病的风险就越高，但研究结果不一，也没有定论。

Global meat production has increased rapidly in recent decades and meat consumption exceeds dietary guidelines in many countries.  Earlier research indicated that higher intakes of processed meat and unprocessed red meat are associated with an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes, but the results have been variable and not conclusive.

鸡肉、火鸡或鸭肉等家禽通常被认为是加工肉类或未加工红肉的替代品，但较少有研究剖析食用禽肉与2型糖尿病之间的关联。

Poultry such as chicken, turkey, or duck is often considered to be an alternative to processed meat or unprocessed red meat, but fewer studies have examined the association between poultry consumption and type 2 diabetes.

研究人员发现，每天习惯性摄入50克加工肉类（相当于2片火腿），未来10年内患2型糖尿病的风险增加15%。每天摄入100克未加工红肉（相当于一小块牛排），患2型糖尿病的风险增加10%。

The researchers found that the habitual consumption of 50 grams of processed meat a day - equivalent to 2 slices of ham - is associated with a 15% higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the next 10 years. The consumption of 100 grams of unprocessed red meat a day - equivalent to a small steak - was associated with a 10% higher risk of type 2 diabetes.

每天习惯性摄入100克家禽肉，风险增加8%。但当研究人员对在不同情况下的结果进行进一步分析时，家禽肉摄入与糖尿病的关联性变得不那么明显，而加工肉类和未加工红肉与2型糖尿病的关联仍然存在。

Habitual consumption of 100 grams of poultry a day was associated with an 8% higher risk, but when further analyses were conducted to test the findings under different scenarios the association for poultry consumption became weaker, whereas the associations with type 2 diabetes for each of processed meat and unprocessed meat persisted.

“尽管我们的研究结果提供了比以前更全面的家禽肉摄入与2型糖尿病之间关系的证据，但这种关联仍不确定，需要进一步研究。”

“While our findings provide more comprehensive evidence on the association between poultry consumption and type 2 diabetes than was previously available, the link remains uncertain and needs to be investigated further.”

InterConnect采用了一种方法，使研究人员可以分析来自不同研究的个体参与者数据，而不仅仅限于已发表的结果。这使得作者能够在此次分析中纳入多达31项研究，其中18项研究未发表过关于肉类消费与2型糖尿病之间联系的研究结果。通过纳入这些以前未发表的研究数据，作者大大扩展了证据基础，并减少了因排除现有研究而产生偏差的可能性。

InterConnect uses an approach that allows researchers to analyse individual participant data from diverse studies, rather than being limited to published results. This enabled the authors to include as many as 31 studies in this analysis, 18 of which had not previously published findings on the link between meat consumption and type 2 diabetes. By including this previously unpublished study data the authors considerably expanded the evidence base and reduced the potential for bias from the exclusion of existing research.

来自英国医学研究理事会（MRC）流行病学部门的领衔作者李春晓博士表示：“以往的Meta分析是将已发表的有关肉类消费与2型糖尿病关系的研究结果汇总在一起，但我们的分析则是针对每项研究中的个体参与者的数据进行研究。这意味着我们可以协调各项研究中收集的关键数据，如肉类摄入信息和2型糖尿病的发展。”

Lead author Dr Chunxiao Li, also of the MRC Epidemiology Unit, said: “Previous meta-analysis involved pooling together of already published results from studies on the link between meat consumption and type 2 diabetes, but our analysis examined data from individual participants in each study. This meant that we could harmonise the key data collected across studies, such as the meat intake information and the development of type 2 diabetes.

“使用协调一致的数据也意味着我们更容易考虑到可能影响肉类摄入与糖尿病关系的不同因素，如生活方式或健康行为。”

“Using harmonised data also meant we could more easily account for different factors, such as lifestyle or health behaviours, that may affect the association between meat consumption and diabetes.”

MRC流行病学部门主任、论文的资深作者尼克·韦勒姆教授表示：“InterConnect使我们能够研究世界上许多不同国家和大洲人群的肥胖和2型糖尿病的风险因素，有助于将传统meta分析中代表数量不足的人群纳入研究范围。”

Professor Nick Wareham, Director of the MRC Epidemiology Unit, and a senior author on the paper said: “InterConnect enables us to study the risk factors for obesity and type 2 diabetes across populations in many different countries and continents around the world, helping to include populations that are under-represented in traditional meta-analyses.

“关于肉类与2型糖尿病的研究大多数是在美国和欧洲进行的，少部分在东亚进行。这项研究包括来自中东、拉丁美洲和南亚的其他研究，并强调了在这些地区和非洲投资研究的必要性。”

“Most research studies on meat and type 2 diabetes have been conducted in USA and Europe, with some in East Asia. This research included additional studies from the Middle East, Latin America and South Asia, and highlighted the need for investment in research in these regions and in Africa.”

InterConnect最初由欧盟第七框架计划资助，用于研究、技术开发和论证，拨款协议编号为602068。

InterConnect was initially funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 602068.