Cambridge University’s economic impact

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剑桥大学为英国经济贡献了近300亿英镑，并在全国提供了超过86000个就业岗位。

The University contributes nearly £30 billion to the UK economy and supports more than 86,000 jobs across the UK.

伦敦经济咨询公司的一份报告测算了剑桥大学在2020-2021年间对英国经济的影响。

A report by London Economics has measured the University of Cambridge’s impact on the UK economy in 2020-21.

伦敦经济咨询公司是欧洲领先的专注经济和政策的咨询公司，受委托通过一系列活动来评估剑桥大学的经济影响。

London Economics, one of Europe’s leading specialist economics and policy consultancies, was commissioned to assess the University’s economic impact through a range of activities.

总影响约为298亿英镑，包括：
The total impact, estimated at £29.8 billion, includes:

231亿英镑——来自大学的研究和知识交流活动（包括从大学衍生出来的或与大学密切相关的商业公司以及在大学开展的其他商业活动）；

£23.1 billion – from the University’s research and knowledge exchange activities (including commercial companies spun out from, or closely associated with, the University and other commercial activity carried out at the University);

46.9亿英镑——来自大学及其学院支出产生的影响；

£4.69 billion – from the impact generated by the spending of the University and its colleges;

7.16亿英镑——来自大学的教育出口；

£716 million – from the University’s educational exports;

6.93亿英镑——来自大学的教学活动；

£693 million – from the University’s teaching and learning activities;

5.87亿英镑——来自与大学相关的旅游业的影响；

£587 million – from the impact of tourism associated with the University;

该报告估计，剑桥大学在英国贡献了超过86,000个工作岗位，其中包括英格兰东部的 52,000个工作岗位，并贡献了超过130亿英镑的总增加值 (GVA)。

The report estimated that the University supports more than 86,000 jobs across the UK, including 52,000 in the East of England, and contributes over £13 billion in gross value added (GVA).

大学每花费1英镑，就会产生11.7英镑的经济影响。

For every £1 the University spends, it creates £11.70 of economic impact.

大学每获得 100 万英镑的公共资助研究收入，就会在整个英国产生1265万英镑的经济影响。

For every £1 million of publicly funded research income the University receives, it generates £12.65 million in economic impact across the UK.

伦敦经济咨询公司还对近600项政府监管影响评估的相关成本和收益进行了比较，发现很少有政府干预带来比投资剑桥大学更高的经济收益。

London Economics also carried out a comparison of the costs and benefits associated with almost 600 government regulatory impact assessments and found that very few government interventions bring higher economic benefits than investment in the University of Cambridge.

剑桥大学2020-2021年在各地区活动的总经济影响:
Total economic impact of the University of Cambridge’s activities in 2020-21 by region (where possible)

备注：知识交流、教育出口、运营和资本支出以及旅游活动的经济影响按地区分类，并以 GVA 和 FTE 就业率表示。这些部分约占剑桥大学298.01亿英镑总影响的241.08亿英镑 (81%)。货币估计以 2020-2021年的价格呈现，已贴现以反映净现值，四舍五入至最接近的100万英镑，可能不会精确地与所示总数相加。就业估计数四舍五入到最接近的5，可能不会精确地与所示总数相加。

资料来源：伦敦经济资讯公司的分析。

Note: Economic impact from knowledge exchange, educational exports, operating and capital expenditure, and tourism activities disaggregated by region, and presented in terms of GVA and FTE employment. These strands make up approximately £24,108 million (81%) of the University of Cambridge’s total impact of £29,801 million. Monetary estimates are presented in 2020-21 prices, discounted to reflect net present values (where applicable), rounded to the nearest £1 million, and may not add up precisely to the totals indicated. Employment estimates are rounded to the nearest 5, and again may not add up precisely to the totals indicated.
Source: London Economics’ analysis.

这份报告展示了国际卓越与深思熟虑的创新投资战略如何为英国经济创造就业机会和实现显着增长。欧盟研究资助机构Horizon Europe的一个早期承诺为欧洲各地的学术界提供数十亿英镑的研究支持，这对于巩固未来的成功至关重要。Horizon Europe不仅提供了制定长期研究计划所需的稳定资金，还提供了进入重要国际网络和合作的途径。”

“This report demonstrates how international excellence coupled with a deliberate strategy of investing in innovation creates jobs and significant growth for the UK economy. An early commitment to Horizon Europe, the EU research funding body which provides billions of pounds in research support for academics across Europe, is essential to underpinning future success. Horizon Europe provides not only the stability of funding required to make long-term research plans but also access to vital international networks and collaborations,” said Dr Anthony Freeling, Acting Vice-Chancellor.

——代理校长Anthony Freeling博士
----Dr Anthony Freeling, Acting Vice-Chancellor

Anthony Freeling博士回顾了大学对经济增长的影响和贡献：

Dr Anthony Freeling reflects on the University’s impact and contributions to economic growth:
剑桥大学的使命是通过追求国际最高水平的卓越教育、学习和研究来为社会做出贡献。

The mission of the University of Cambridge is to contribute to society through the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence.

在追求这一使命的过程中，大学坚持专注于学术卓越。
In pursuing this mission, the University rightly focuses on academic excellence.

我们培养了来自英国和世界各地的一些最优秀的人才。剑桥一直是许多世界上最伟大的智力成就的发源地，并培养了许多世界领先的科学家和学者——从艾萨克·牛顿到查尔斯·达尔文再到乔斯林·贝尔·伯内尔；从伯特兰·罗素到约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯再到玛丽·比尔德。我们的121位诺贝尔奖获得者证明了这一记录。

剑桥大学对社会的贡献还有一个方面有待充分讲述——剑桥对英国经济贡献的故事。

There is an aspect of the University’s contribution to society that remains to be fully told – the story of Cambridge’s economic contribution to the UK.

除了社会和文化影响外，剑桥大学的毕业生和学者还通过研究突破和创业活动，以及通过他们为就业带来的更高价值和技能，为英国经济做出重大贡献。

Alongside their social and cultural impact, Cambridge graduates and academics make a significant contribution to the British economy through research breakthroughs and entrepreneurial activities, as well as through the enhanced value and the skills they bring to their employment.

伦敦经济咨询公司的这份报告就是对剑桥大学给英国带来的经济价值进行全面测算的一次尝试。

This report by London Economics is a comprehensive attempt to estimate the economic value that the University of Cambridge brings to the UK.

剑桥大学的活动改善了人们的生活，因为我们成功地将研究成果推向市场，并在这样做的过程中帮助在剑桥周边和整个英国创造了显着的经济增长。大学的英国影响图和全球影响图说明了这种影响的深度和广度，其中包含对英国和全球的经济、健康、社会、环境和其他研究影响的示例。

The University of Cambridge’s activities have changed people’s lives for the better because we have been successful at getting research to market, and in doing so helped create significant economic growth both around Cambridge and across the UK. Some of the depth and breadth of this influence is illustrated on the University’s UK impact map and global impact map [see below], which contain examples of economic, health, social, environmental and other research impact mapped to regions of the UK and around the world.

经济增长

Economic Growth

剑桥是英国最成功的产业集群和本地生态系统。我们的经济影响中，超过230亿英镑 (78%) 是由从大学衍生出来的或与大学密切相关的公司，以及在大学开展的研究和商业活动产生的。

Cambridge is the most successful cluster and local ecosystem in the UK. Just over £23 billion (78%) of our economic impact is generated by the companies spun out from – or closely associated with – the University, as well as research and commercial activities carried out at the University.

这包括与大学有联系的178家衍生公司和213家初创公司的影响，是英国所有大学中影响最大的。成功是长期战略决策的结果，这些决策使剑桥大学成为世界上最成功的创新和技术集群之一的中心。

This includes the impact of 178 spinouts and 213 start-up companies that have connections to the University. It is the biggest impact of any university in the UK. Success is the result of long-term, strategic decisions that have established the University at the heart of one of the world’s most successful innovation and technology clusters.

将剑桥生态系统发展成为世界领先的创新集群之一并非偶然。它是卓越文化的结果，以教学、研究和创新的深度和广度为基础，将新知识的发现与专业知识联系起来，将这些想法转化为改变人们生活的公司和组织。

Growing the Cambridge ecosystem into one of the world’s leading innovation clusters did not happen by accident. It is the result of a culture of excellence, underpinned by a depth and breadth of teaching, research and innovation that connects the discovery of new knowledge with the expertise to turn these ideas into companies and organisations that change people’s lives.

在过去的几十年中，大学通过非常慎重地投资创新和商业化战略，利用了风险投资、政府支持的资本投资和基础设施资金（例如2016年剑桥城市交易）的成功组合，其中包括：

The University has helped harness a winning combination of venture capital, government-supported capital investment and infrastructure funding (e.g. the 2016 Cambridge City Deal) through a very deliberate strategy of investing in innovation and commercialisation over past decades that includes:

开明的知识产权政策，鼓励进一步投资；

An enlightened IP policy that encourages further investment;

鼓励创新和创业的文化；
A culture that encourages innovation and entrepreneurship;

建立知识转移和早期投资部门剑桥企业以及后续投资部门剑桥创新资本，从而在从种子前到早期规模化的投资过程的所有阶段提供资金。

The establishment of both a knowledge transfer and early investment arm, Cambridge Enterprise, and a follow-on investment arm, Cambridge Innovation Capital, which makes capital available at all stages of the investment journey from pre-seed to early scaling.

为了在这一成功的基础上再接再厉，由剑桥企业、剑桥创新资本和大学共同创立的Innovate Cambridge正与包括阿斯利康、微软和Arm在内的100多家合作伙伴一起，为大剑桥地区的创新制定雄心勃勃、范围广泛的愿景，以此来加速进步，让大剑桥生态系统在未来 10 年取得与过去25年同样的成功。

To build on this success, Innovate Cambridge – founded by Cambridge Enterprise, Cambridge Innovation Capital and the University – is joining with more than 100 partners, including AstraZeneca, Microsoft and Arm, to develop an ambitious and broad-ranging vision of innovation for the Greater Cambridge area. The goal is to accelerate progress, and for the Greater Cambridge ecosystem to accomplish in the next 10 years the same success as in the past 25 years.

实现这一计划需要在三个政策领域:采取行动：

Achieving this ambition requires action in three areas of policy

改善城市和地区的基础设施，包括实验室空间、经济适用房和交通；更好地接纳来自世界各地的有才华、有技能的个人；以及更好的投资和获得资本的机会。

Better infrastructure in the city and region including laboratory space, affordable housing and transport; better access to talented, skilled individuals from across the world; and better investment and access to capital.

剑桥大学和其在英国的合作伙伴将继续与政府合作，在这些领域开发解决方案，并在学术卓越的同时扩大大学的经济影响力。
The University and our partners across the UK will continue to work with the government to develop solutions in these areas and grow the economic impact of the University alongside academic excellence.